The St. Nicholas Roman Catholic Cathedral is the second Roman Catholic cathedral built in Kiev. It was constructed in 1899–1909 and was built in a Gothic type construction, by Kiev architects V. Gorodetsky and E. Salya. Historically, it belonged to the Latin Rite Catholic community.

A competition was held in 1898 for the designs for a Roman Catholic Cathedral in Kiev, which was won by an architect S. Volovskiy. His entry into the competition included a Gothic type construction with two 60 m (197 ft) towers. The final revision and management of the project was assigned to the Kievan architect Vladislav Gorodetsky, and Emilio Sala added sculptural decoration in artificial stone to the construction. To increase the stability of the construction on the uneven Kiev ground, it was ensured by bore-and-stuffed piles, a newly introduced invention ofAnton Strauss. The construction work was carried out by exclusively from voluntary donations, and lasted for ten years (1899–1909).