Moshe Beregovski (1892 – 1961)was a Ukrainian Jewish folklorist and ethnomusicologist. He has been called the "foremost ethnomusicologist of Eastern European Jewry". His research gathered melodies and words of Yiddish folk songs, wordless melodies (nigunim), as well as Eastern European Jewish dance melodies (klezmer music).
Beregovski was the head of the Cabinet for Jewish Musical Folklore in the ethnographic section of the Institute of Jewish Proletarian Culture in Kiev. He continued his research during the period of Stalinist repression of the 1930s under what must have been great ideological pressure,as state-funded musical research in the Soviet Union necessarily followed Marxist-Leninist lines.
The institute itself was later closed down and many of its members exiled and disgraced. In 1949, Beregovski's department was closed and he was arrested and sent to Tayshet, in the Irkutsk region, where he remained from 1951 to 1955. In 1956, he was “rehabilitated” and returned to Kiev, where he lived the rest of his life.